Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Thermal Energy and Heat
Shards of ice fly from the sculptor’s chisel. As the crowd
looks on, a swan slowly emerges from a massive block of ice. As
the day wears on, however, drops of water begin to fall from the
sculpture. Drip by drip, the sculpture is transformed into a puddle of liquid water. What makes matter change from one state to
another? To answer this question, you need to think about the
particles that make up matter.
Energy Simply stated, energy is the ability to do work or cause
change. The energy of motion is called kinetic energy. Particles
within matter are in constant motion. The amount of motion of
these particles depends on the kinetic energy they possess. Particles
with more kinetic energy move faster and farther apart. Particles
with less energy move more slowly and stay closer together.
The total kinetic energy of all the particles in a sample of
matter is called thermal energy. Thermal energy, an extensive
property, depends on the number of particles in a substance as
well as the amount of energy each particle has. If either the
number of particles or the amount of energy in each particle
changes, the thermal energy of the sample changes. With identically sized samples, the warmer substance has the greater thermal energy.