Final answer:
Citizenship is the status of having rights and duties within a nation, including legal recognition, political participation, and community responsibilities. It's a key aspect of belonging to a society and differs from mere residency, conferring additional privileges such as the right to vote and hold public office for those who obtain it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct definition of citizenship refers to the rights and duties of a person who has legal status as a member of a nation. Citizenship involves being entitled to the legal rights granted by a state, as well as having the obligation to obey its laws and fulfill certain community responsibilities. These responsibilities can range from cooperation and participation to respect for the community. While mere residence in a country like the United States does not confer citizenship, permanent residents still enjoy certain protections and can live, work, and attend public schools, among other rights. However, unlike citizens, they cannot hold public office or vote. Citizenship also implies a potential for political involvement and civic engagement in one's community, state, and national government.
In the United States, Section 1 of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution states all persons born or naturalized in the country are citizens and are entitled to equal protection under the law. Moreover, citizenship is seen as one's 'highest calling' as it ensures one's ability to have rights and participate fully in the democratic processes of society.
Therefore, evaluating the privileges and considering becoming a citizen is an important consideration for those who are eligible.