Answer:
Option: The Soviet launch of the first artificial Earth satellite, Sputnik.
Step-by-step explanation:
The National Defense Education Act passed in reply to Soviet Union success in the space race. The Sputnik I as artificial satellite by the Soviet Union became first to go to space. The United States changes its approach to science after launching Sputnik I by encouraging scientific progress in 1957. The law provided funding to higher education, loans to students, and supported education in the areas of mathematics, and science.