Answer:
Here is the Python program:
def scores(file): # method scores that takes a file name as parameter and returns the sum and average of scores in a file
with open(file, 'r') as infile: # open the file in read mode
lines = [score.split() for score in infile] # split the scores into a list
print("The scores are:",lines) #print the scores
for line in lines: # loops through each score
total= sum(int(score) for score in line) # adds the scores
average =total/len(line) # computes average by taking sum of scores and dividing by number of scores in file
print("The sum is:", total) #prints the sum of scores
print("The average is:", "{:.2f}".format(average)) #prints the average
filename = input("Enter name of the file: ") #prompts user to enter name of file
scores(filename) #calls scores method by passing the file name to it in order to compute sum and average of file contents i.e. scores
Step-by-step explanation:
It is assumed that the scores in the file are separated by a blank space.
The scores() method takes a file name as parameter. Then it opens that input file in read mode using object infile.
split() method is used to split the scores in a file into a list. Suppose the scores are 1 2 3 4 5 6 . So after the split, they become ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6']
The loop iterates through each score in the file, splits them into a list and stores this list in lines. The next print statement prints these scores in a list.
The second loop for line in lines iterates through each score of the list and the statements: total= sum(int(score) for score in line) and average =total/len(line) computes the total and average of scores.
total= sum(int(score) for score in line) statement works as follows:
for loop iterates through each element of list i.e. each score
int() converts that string element into integer.
sum() method adds the integers to compute their total.
So if we have ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6'] each element i.e. 1,2,3,4,5,6 is converted to integer by int() and then added together by sum method. So this becomes 1+2+3+4+5+6 = 21. This result is stored in total. Hence
total = 21.
average = total/len(line) works as follows:
The computed sum of scores stored in total is divided by the number of scores. The number of scores is computed by using len() method which returns the length of the line list. So len() returns 6. Hence
average = total/len(line)
= 21 / 6
average = 3.5
The next two print statement prints the value of sum and average and "{:.2f}".format(average)) prints the value of average up to 2 decimal places.
The screenshot of the program along with its output is attached.