Question

The rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzymes usually ________ with temperature; however, at temperatures above the optimum range ________. The rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzymes usually ________ with temperature; however, at temperatures above the optimum range ________. decreases; prosthetic groups are necessary increases; protein denaturation occurs decreases; the reaction proceeds without the enzyme increases; the reaction proceeds without the enzyme increases; the direction of the reaction reverses

Answer 1

Enzyme-catalyzed reactions increase with temperature up to an optimal point, beyond which high temperatures cause protein denaturation and loss of function.

Step-by-step explanation:

The rate of a reaction catalyzed by enzymes usually increases with temperature; however, at temperatures above the optimum range, protein denaturation occurs. The rate of enzyme activity increases as the temperature rises up to the enzyme's optimal temperature. Beyond this point, if the temperature continues to increase, it negatively affects the enzyme by disrupting the chemical bonds in the active site, making the enzyme less effective at binding to substrates. Eventually, high temperatures will lead to denaturation, which is an irreversible change in the enzyme's three-dimensional structure, rendering it non-functional.

Enzymes have an optimal activity range concerning not only temperature but also pH and salt concentration. Deviations from these optimal conditions can result in denaturation, where the enzyme loses both its shape and function. Such extreme changes in the local environment will consequently reduce the rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction.

Answer 2

increases; protein denaturation occurs

Step-by-step explanation:

One of the characteristic of enzymes is the sensitivity to temperature .

Enzymes are sensitive to the changes in the environmental temperature.The enzymatic activities increases with increase in temperature,up to the optimum of 37 degrees in most animals.

However,once the optimum temperature has been exceeded,enzyme activities drops.This is because below optimum the rate of collision between the enzyme active sites and substrate molecules is very high,therefore more products are formed which increases the rate of reactions.

At temperature above the optimum,the high temperature breaks the bonds,especially the hydrogen bonds holding the 3D structure of the active sites.Therefore,substrate molecules can not fit into the active site,and therefore enzymatic actives of the enzyme is affected,and the enzyme is said to be denatured