Question

How is that ion channels that let in positive charge could hyperpolarized a hair cell?

A. they feature unique residues that allow positive charge to go both directions
B. their ligands let out potassium ions, creating a negative electrochemical gradient
C. their ion channels are partially open at a resting state, and so closing them reduces the positive charge going into the cell
D. Ion channels that bind inverse agonist will reverse active ion transport, but only in the axon Hillock, leading to hyperpolarization down the axon

Answer 1

B. their ligands let out potassium ions, creating a negative electrochemical gradient

Step-by-step explanation:

A ciliated cell would be hyperpolarized by the action of positive ion kennels, when that cell received an inhibitory stimulus and the action of these channels allowed its ligands to release potassium ions (K +) and allow the entry of chlorine ions (Cl-), creating a negative electrochemical gradient, since the interior of the cell will have a negative potential greater than the external environment, which will be more positive. The result of this is to inhibit the spread of an action potential in the cellular environment.