Answer:
Crossing over is a process in which exchange of segments occur.
Step-by-step explanation:
Crossing over is a process in which two non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes exchange the segments of genetic material with each other during meiosis. Due to this process, variation occurs in an organism.
Independent assortment is a process in which different alleles are sorted to different gametes which occurs independently and does not effect one another. This process occurs in metaphase of meiosis l.
Joining of sex cells is a process in which sex cells of male and female join together formed a zygote which turn into a new organism. These sex cells are formed during meiosis which are haploid in nature.
Mutation and crossing over are the factors that cause inherited genetic variations within populations.
Sudden change occurs in the genes of an organism due to the exposure of the cell to radiation or chemicals.