Final answer:
The air mass likely to form over Victoria Island and Greenland in January is the arctic air mass, which is characterized by extremely low temperatures and dry conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
In January, the air mass likely to form over Victoria Island in northern Canada and over Greenland is called the arctic air mass. This air mass is characterized by extremely low temperatures, usually below freezing, and dry conditions.
The arctic air mass originates from the Arctic Circle where cold air accumulates. As it moves southward, it brings frigid temperatures and often produces snowfall. These cold air masses can cause severe weather conditions and influence the climate of the regions they affect.