Question

g The p-value of a test is the probability of obtaining a result as or more extreme as the one obtained in the sample, assuming the null hypothesis is false

Answer 1

The p-value is well defined as per the probability, [under the null hypothesis (H₀)], of attaining a result equivalent to or more extreme than what was truly observed.

Explanation:

The p-value is well defined as per the probability, [under the null hypothesis (H₀)], of attaining a result equivalent to or more extreme than what was truly observed.

We reject the null hypothesis if the p-value of a statistic is lower than the level of significance α.

And we fail to eject the null hypothesis if the p-value of a statistic is greater than the level of significance α.

A lower p-value indicates that the result is statistically significant.

And a higher p-value indicates that the result is not statistically significant.