The correct answer is A. Hyperpluralism
Step-by-step explanation:
Interest groups are associations that defend and make visible a specific cause or interest, which helps society to be aware of certain issues and promotes positive changes. For example, interest groups in pro of environmental protection can influence governments to create laws to protect the environment. Also, these groups promote the democratic participation as citizens influence the government.
Despite these positive effects, interest groups can lead to negative effects, one of these is hyperpluralism that occurs when there are too many ideologies, causes, and interest groups, which causes a clash of interest. At the same time, hyperpluralism influences negatively the government because due to the diversity of interests the government might favor only certain interests which causes imbalance and limits democracy.