Genetics: the study of heredity
Gene: characteristic of an organism found on a chromosome
Allele: variation of a characteristic/ gene
Law of segregation: 2 alleles of a trait separate during meiosis
Law of independant assortment: chromosomes/ genes separate randomly during meiosis
genotype: genes present in an individual
phenotype: individuals observable traits
heterozygous: 2 alleles of a pair of alleles are different
homzygous: 2 alleles of a pair of alleles are the same
dominant allele: trait is always expressed when present
recessive allele: trait is only expressed when 2 copies are preesnt
co-dominance: two traits are dominant/expressed
incomplete dominance: one trait is partically dominant over another
se-linked inheritance: gene found on the X chromosome
polygenic inheritance: added effect of 2 or more genes such as skin colour