The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although the question does not include options, we can say that author Robert Marks argued for the need to deconstruct and reshape the Eurocentric narrative of how the world came to be and offers various means to do so. Marks used the term Adventitious to describe the way Europe established its "dominance."
This "Adventitious," term means that it is coming from the outside, it is foreigner or alien.
Robert Marks thought that Europe can solve many problems of the world through the western political agenda, establishing, for instance, free trade. He supports the idea that Europe is superior to other continents in that European countries were capable of colonizing native territories in Africa and India due to its industrial development and military strength.