Rayden's mother is afraid of roller coasters. Any time the family would visit an amusement park, Rayden's mother would refuse to go near any of the roller coasters. Even if she had never been on one of the coasters, Rayden's mother would constantly ask whether there were hills, and if they were big hills or little hills. Eventually, Rayden himself began to ask these questions and refused to go on any of the roller coasters. Behaviorists might explain Rayden's behavior through the process of: