Question

Which two lines in this excerpt from Tolstoy's The Death of Ivan Ilyich demonstrate that Gerasim is a character foil to Ivan Ilyich? But he had never had the spirit to do it. The awful, terrible act of his dying was, he could see, reduced by those about him to the level of a casual, unpleasant, and almost indecorous incident (as if someone entered a drawing room defusing an unpleasant odour) and this was done by that very decorum which he had served all his life long. He saw that no one felt for him, because no one even wished to grasp his position. Only Gerasim recognized it and pitied him. And so Ivan Ilyich felt at ease only with him. He felt comforted when Gerasim supported his legs (sometimes all night long) and refused to go to bed, saying: "Don't you worry, Ivan Ilyich. I'll get sleep enough later on," or when he suddenly became familiar and exclaimed: "If you weren't sick it would be another matter, but as it is, why should I grudge a little trouble?" Gerasim alone did not lie; everything showed that he alone understood the facts of the case and did not consider it necessary to disguise them, but simply felt sorry for his emaciated and enfeebled master. Once when Ivan Ilyich was sending him away he even said straight out: "We shall all of us die, so why should I grudge a little trouble?"—expressing the fact that he did not think his work burdensome, because he was doing it for a dying man and hoped someone would do the same for him when his time came.

Answer 1

"only Gerasim recognized it and pitied him" and "Gerasim alone did not lie; everything showed that he alone understood the facts of the case and did not consider it necessary to disguise them"

Step-by-step explanation:

Answer 2

- “Gerasim alone did not lie; everything showed that he alone understood the facts of the case and did not consider it necessary to disguise them, but simply felt sorry for his emaciated and enfeebled master."

Step-by-step explanation:

The above lines clearly demonstrate that Gerasim was a disappointing character to Ivan Ilyich as it reveals that he was the only one in Ivan's clan who had emotions and who did not believe in lying or disguising things. Gerasim's goodness and values were in direct contrast to Ivan's false material world. He is the only one who had honesty, dignity, and kindness for others(reflected when he says 'Don't you worry, Ivan Ilyich') which was like rain in Ivan's desert of falsity. These contrasting characteristics emphasize the virtuous character of Gerasim before the readers.