Question

Mosaic law taught "an eye for an eye and tooth for a tooth," which seems an antiquated form of justice in the very

first chapters of the Torah, Judaism also taught about the origins of humanity, describe which
basic human right is outlined, and discuss how it was different from other classical teachings on the rights of
humanity

Answer 1

Equality

Step-by-step explanation:

In the Bible, in Leviticus 24:20 therefore in Torah (since it is one of the first five books of the Old Testament) we also have this teaching:

"Breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth: as he hath caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him again." Leviticus 24:20 (KJV)

If we expand the chapter to some more verses:

20 "Breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth: as he hath caused a blemish in a man, so shall it be done to him again.

21 And he that killeth a beast, he shall restore it: and he that killeth a man, he shall be put to death.

22 Ye shall have one manner of law, as well for the stranger, as for one of your own country: for I am the Lord your God." Leviticus 24:20-22 KJV

As we can see, the basic premise is all that is taken must be equally repaid.

While, in Greece, another Classical Teaching on the matter, Aristotle sees rights comparing the citizens and the Polis. Aristotle says that this is a consequence of the Polis and its citizens. Then, we must consider what was citizenship in the Polis.

In this excerpt, the horizontal relationship is between people and how they account for the Almighty God.

So the outlined basic human right here is equality.

Answer 2

Over the years and with the constant evolution of society, it is normal for some of the rights of humanity to be reformulated and even replaced by better rights and more consistent with the well-being of society.

As seen above, the Mosaic Law "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth", stipulated that an individual had to pay their crimes in the same currency. Thus, if a person killed someone, they should be punished with death. Currently, this concept is completely replaced by basic human rights that are defended by the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights", which states that everyone has the right to life and security, regardless of their crimes.