Answer:
Motivation.
Step-by-step explanation:
A character's motivation is the reason behind their behavior and why they had to act in such and such ways. This also reveals their excuses and perception of things which, in a way, is what led them to do those acts.
And by making an inference based on the analysis of the character, the reader can infer the character's motivation. It will give access to understand the event from the character's perspective and also learn about the side of the story from the character's. And such motivations need not be just extrinsic or external characteristics, they can also be internal ones, based on emotions and reasoning too.