Explanation:
The opposite side is the side of the triangle facing the given angle. The adjacent side is the side that the given angle and the right angle lies on. The hypotenuse side is the side facing the right angle. (The hypotenuse side usually looks like a slanted line. Do note that this is not true if your adjacent and hypotenuse side is not horizontal and vertical respectively on the plane of your paper.)
I'll explain a bit more below using the some of the questions.
Q1) The given angle here is 27°.
X is facing the given angle hence it is the opposite side.
The side that is 10 units long is the adjacent side as 27° and the right angle sits on it.
tanθ= opp/adj
tan27°= x/ 10
x= 10(tan 27°)
x= 5.1 units (nearest tenth)
Q3) x is the adjacent side, while the side that is 7 units long is the hypotenuse side.
cosθ= adj/hyp
cos39°= x/7
x= 7(cos39°)
x= 5.4 units (nearest tenth)
Q4) x is the hypotenuse and the opposite side is 8 units long.
sinθ= opp/hyp
sin46°= 8/x
x(sin46°)= 8
x= 8/ sin46°
x= 11.1 units (nearest tenth)
Q5) x is facing the given angle, hence it is the opposite side. The adjacent side is given here, which is 6 units long.
tanθ= opp/adj
tan23°= x/6
x= 6(tan 23°)
x= 2.5 units (nearest tenth)
Feel free to ask if you still do not understand any concepts :)
sinθ= opp/hyp
cosθ= adj/hyp
tanθ= opp/adj