Question

Thea has a key on her calculator marked $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$. If an integer is displayed, pressing the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key chops off the first digit and moves it to the end. For example, if $6138$ is on the screen, then pressing the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key changes the display to $1386$. Thea enters a positive integer into her calculator, then squares it, then presses the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key, then squares the result, then presses the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key again. After all these steps, the calculator displays $243$. What number did Thea originally enter?

Answer 1

$9$

Explanation:

Given: Thea enters a positive integer into her calculator, then squares it, then presses the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key, then squares the result, then presses the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key again such that the calculator displays final number as $243$.

To find: number that Thea originally entered

Solution:

The final number is $243$.

As previously the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key was pressed,

the number before $243$ must be $324$.

As previously the number was squared, so the number before $324$ must be $18$.

As previously the $\textcolor{blue}{\bf\circledast}$ key was pressed,

the number before $18$ must be $81$

As previously the number was squared, so the number before $81$ must be $9$.