Answer:
C) a formal contract that specifies a firm's obligations to the bondholders.
Step-by-step explanation:
In terms of public offerings of bonds, an indenture is a formal contract that specifies a firm's obligations to the bondholders. It is typically a legal and binding contract between a firm (bond issuer) and its bondholders, which provides detailed information on terms and clauses.
The indenture specifies the essential features of a bond, these includes callabilty of bonds, interest payments time, maturity date of the bond, interest calculation method etc.
Hence, in case there's a conflict between the bond issuer and the bondholders; the indenture would be the reference document to be used for conflict resolution.