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The steepness of any incline can be measured as the ratio of the vertical change to the horizontal change. For example, a 5 % incline can be written as 5100 , which means that for every 100 feet forward, the height increases 5 feet.Figure 4.4.1 In mathematics incline of a line the slope and use the letter m to denote it. The vertical change is called the rise and the horizontal change is called the run.Slopem=vertical changehorizontal change=riserun(4.4.1)The rise and the run can be positive or negative. A positive rise corresponds to a vertical change up and a negative rise corresponds to a vertical change down. A positive run denotes a horizontal change to the right and a negative run corresponds to a horizontal change to the left. Given the graph, we can calculate the slope by determining the vertical and horizontal changes between any two points.Example 4.4.1 Figure 4.4.2 From the given points on the graph, count 3 units down and 4 units right.m=riserun=−3units4units=−34 the Answer is.m=−34 .
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