Question

1. Show the mechanism for the main product for the monochlorination of 2-methylbutane. List all other products.

Answer 1

See explanation.

Step-by-step explanation:

Hello,

In the attached picture you will find the required mechanism.

1. The first step is the dissociation of chlorine by the effect of hear or light.

2. Then, the chlorine is able to "steal" a hydrogen from the 2-methylbutane based on Markovnikov's rules so a free radical is formed as well as hydrogen chloride.

3. Then, the previously formed free radical is attacked by the remaining chlorine to yield the 3-chloro-2-methylbutane.

At the end the overall reaction is shown.

Regards.

Answer 2

See explanation below

Step-by-step explanation:

First, we need to understand that the monochlorination of an alkane like this one, involves substitution of one of the atoms of hydrogen of the molecule for an atom of chlorine.

This reaction takes place when the alkane reacts with Cl₂ in presence of light or heat.

When this happens, the first step involves the breaking of the double bond of the chlorine to form the ion Cl⁻.

The next step involves the substraction of the hydrogen of the molecule by the Chlorine. This will leave the alkane with a lone pair available for reaction.

The third step, the alkane with the lone pair of electron substract a chlorine for the beggining and form the mono chlorinated product.

The final step involves forming the remaining products with the remaining reagents there.

In the picture attached you have the mechanism and product for this reaction: