Answer:
d. Low levels of job specialization
Step-by-step explanation:
Firms that pursue cost advantage have effective & efficient management techniques.
Employee remuneration based upon individual productivity , Frequent performance reporting , High levels of outsourcing : are all important for proper management of firms to achieve cost advantage.
However, proper effective & efficient management cant be achieved without proper division of labour & specialisation of job. So, firms pursuing cost advantage have all features in their systems except 'Low levels of job specialization'