Question

1. Archaea and bacteria are both prokaryotes, but only _______ can live in hostile environments such as in hot springs.

2. _______ are not monophyletic and so are very diverse, defined as any eukaryote that isn’t a fungus, plant, or animal.
3. Fungi are _______ and cannot produce their own food.

Respond to the following based on your reading.
4. As you take a walk in the woods, you encounter a plant that doesn't have a root structure or a way to soak up water. What type of plant is this?
5. Which kingdoms are entirely heterotrophic?
6. If you encountered a hot spring, which kingdom of organisms would be most likely to live in that hot spring?
7. Why did scientists only include plants and animals in the initial classification levels describing life?

Answer 1

1 archaea

2 Protists

3 heterotrophic

4 This would be a nonvascular plant since those plants don't have the vascular transportation system necessary to live away from water.

5 While many kingdoms have at least some species that are heterotrophic, Animalia and Fungi are the only kingdoms in which every organism is a heterotroph.

6 Archaea are the type of organisms most likely to be found in extreme environments, such as a hot spring.

7 Scientists focused on what they could see, and most of the species in the other kingdoms of life were microscopic. At first, phylogeny wasn't required for classification, so they could just call any misfits either a plant or an animal if they wanted.

Step-by-step explanation:

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Answer 2

1. Archaea

2. Protists

3. Heterotrophic

4. Bryophyte

5. Fungi and Animalia

6. Kingdom Archaeabacteria

7. Because they were the only physically observed organisms

Step-by-step explanation:

1. Archaea is a Domain of living organisms that consists of prokaryotic organisms that are well adapted to survive or thrive in extreme environmental conditions e.g hot springs.

2. Protists are eukaryotic organisms like plants, fungi and animal. The other three Eukaryotes except Protists are monophyletic i.e. they evolved from a single common ancestor. Protists, on the other hand, are not monophyletic because they contain diverse organisms that are closely related to other kingdoms other than Kingdom Protista.

3. Fungi is a group of eukaryotic organisms that cannot produce their own food, hence, they rely on other organisms for their source of energy. Due to this reason, they are termed HETEROTROPHIC organisms.

4. Bryophytes are lower plants characterized by the lack of a true stem and root, instead, they possess an anchoring structure called RHIZOID. They are unable to conduct water from the soil due to their lack of roots. Bryophytes consists of mosses, liverworts and hornworts.

5. Kingdoms Fungi and Animalia consists of organisms that are dependent on other organisms for energy source. The organisms in these Kingdoms are entirely heterotrophic. Kingdoms Plantae and Protista, on the other hand, comprises of organisms that can produce their own food i.e. Autotroph

6. Kingdom Archaeabacteria consists of prokaryotic organisms called ARCHAEA that can thrive in extreme or hostile environments e.g hot springs described in the question. They are well adapted to this kind of conditions and are referred to as extremophiles.

7. All living organisms were once classified as plants or animals depending on the features that were physically observed by scientists in them. This two-kingdom classification was done on the basis of the mode of nutrition and locomotion of organisms.