Final answer:
Electricity flows through the filament in an incandescent light bulb, which acts as a resistor and glows to emit light. However, the bulb's low energy efficiency has led to the adoption of LED and CFL bulbs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The path taken by electricity through an incandescent light bulb begins at one of the metal contacts at the base of the bulb. This contact is connected to the tungsten filament inside the bulb. As electricity enters, it flows through the filament, which acts as a resistor, heating up due to its high resistance and converting electrical energy into light and heat. The filament glows, emitting light that shines out through the glass envelope. The electrical current completes its loop by exiting through a second contact in the base, which is separated from the first by an insulating material. Over time, incandescent bulbs have been replaced by more energy-efficient LED and CFL light bulbs due to their lower energy efficiency, as a significant amount of the energy is converted into heat rather than visible light.