Final answer:
Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. is the civil rights leader correctly matched with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), contributing significantly to the civil rights movement through nonviolent protests like the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Step-by-step explanation:
The civil rights leader that is correctly matched with a civil rights organization is Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. who worked closely with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). This partnership was essential in organizing nonviolent protests and demonstrations across the southern United States. A notable success of their collaboration was the Montgomery Bus Boycott, sparked by Rosa Parks's arrest, which ultimately led to the Supreme Court ruling that racially segregated seating on buses was unconstitutional.
Another key leader, A. Phillip Randolph, played a pivotal role, especially with the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, showing the collective efforts of various civil rights organizations. Leaders like John Lewis of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) called for radical change during these movements, signifying diverse strategies within the movement. Each of these leaders contributed to the critical analysis and interrogation of societal norms, questioning the separation between norms and laws, which was foundational to the gradual erosion of Jim Crow laws.
It's important to note the distinct approaches of different leaders such as Malcolm X, who, despite seeking social justice like Martin Luther King Jr., had differing views on how to achieve it. Divisions among the four leading civil rights organizations were not uncommon, and events like the march to Jackson, Mississippi, signified a shift from peaceful chants to powerful calls for Black Power, reflecting a growing impatience and a demand for immediate change in the face of persistent racial inequality and injustice.