Final answer:
Smallpox is the correct answer as it is not an endemic disease; it has been eradicated worldwide. Malaria, typhoid, and tuberculosis remain common endemic diseases in specific geographic areas.
Step-by-step explanation:
All of the following are common endemic diseases, except smallpox. The correct answer is C. Smallpox.
Endemic diseases are those that are constantly present in a population within a particular geographic area. Malaria (A), typhoid (B), and tuberculosis (D) are all examples of endemic diseases. Malaria is often found in tropical climates and is transmitted by mosquitoes. Typhoid is a waterborne illness that remains a significant concern in areas with poor sanitation. Tuberculosis is a respiratory infection that is quite common in many parts of the world, particularly in urban areas with dense populations.
However, smallpox has been eradicated worldwide due to an effective global vaccination campaign. The last known natural case was in 1977, and it is no longer commonly found anywhere in the world, making smallpox the correct choice for the disease that is not endemic.