Question

A student wishes to calculate the experimental value of Ksp for AgI. S/he follows the procedure in Part 3 and finds Ecell to be 0.839 V. S/he does not perform Part 2; instead, s/he uses the theoretical slope of the Nernst plot for an Ag/Ag+ concentration cell, as instructed by her/his TA; this value is −0.0591 V. (a) What is the concentration of Ag+(aq) in the saturated solution of AgI (i.e., [Ag+ ]dilute)? ([Ag+ ]conc = 1.0 ✕ 10−1 M.) M (b) Using [I− ] = 0.20 M, calculate the experimental Ksp. (c) Suppose s/he mistakenly uses 1.039 V as Ecell. How does this affect [Ag+ ]dilute? Will it be too high, too low, or unaffected?

Answer 1

a) [Ag+]dilute = 6.363 × 10⁻¹⁶ M

b) 1.273 × 10⁻¹⁶

c) 2.629×10⁻¹⁹ M Thus; the value for [Ag+ ]dilute will be too low

Step-by-step explanation:

In an Ag | Ag+ concentration cell ,

The anode reaction can be written as :

Ag ----> Ag+(dilute) + e- &:

The cathode reaction can be written as:

Ag+(concentrated) + e- ----> Ag

The Overall Reaction : is

Ag+(concentrated) -----> Ag+(dilute)

However, the Standard Reduction potential of cell = E°cell = 0

( since both cathode and anode have same Ag+║Ag )

Also , given that the theoretical slope is - 0.0591 V

Therefore; the reduction potential of cell ; i.e

Ecell = E°cell - 0.0591 V × log ( [Ag+]dilute / [Ag+]concentrated )

0.839 V = 0 - 0.0591 V × log ( [Ag+]dilute / ( 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M ) )

log ( [Ag+]dilute / ( 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M ) ) = - 14.1963

[Ag+]dilute =
`\mathbf{10^(-14.1963) }` × 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M

[Ag+]dilute = 6.363 × 10⁻¹⁶ M

b)

AgI ----> Ag + (dilute) + I⁻

So , Solubility product = Ksp = [Ag⁺]dilute × [I⁻]

= 6.363 × 10⁻¹⁶ M × 0.20 M

= 1.273 × 10⁻¹⁶

c) If s/he mistakenly uses 1.039 V as Ecell; then the value for [Ag+]dilute will be :

Ecell = E°cell - 0.0591 V × log ( [Ag+]dilute / [Ag+]concentrated )

1.039 V = 0 - 0.0591 V × log ( [Ag+]dilute / ( 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M ) )

log ( [Ag+]dilute / ( 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M ) ) = - 17.5804

[Ag+]dilute =
`\mathbf{10^(-17.5804) }` × 1.0 × 10⁻¹ M

[Ag+]dilute = 2.629×10⁻¹⁹ M

Thus, the value for [Ag+ ]dilute will be too low