Answer:
The answer choices would be-
widespread ethnic conflict
Since European powers created colonies and states that ignored African cultural divisions, many different and often rival ethnic groups came to live in the same territory under the same national identity. This brought major political conflicts among these groups after the decolonization, many groups didn't want to be ruled by members of other ethnic origins and that aggravated the coexistence in the new African states.
lack of national identity
Due to the fact that the European empires created borders and later imported European political entities (states) to Africa, the native cultures didn't assimilate to the new artificial nations where suddenly they found themselves living in. The major bond for these cultures, like since millennia, was a tribal and ethnic identification that nothing had to do with the new national identity created after the European colonization.
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