Question

5. Two researchers are arguing about statistical findings. One of them believes that any statistically significant result is important, irrespective of the magnitude of the association between the independent variables and dependent variables. The other one contends that statistical significance is meaningless if the association is weak. Who is correct?

Answer 1

Any statistically significant result is important, irrespective of the magnitude of the association between the independent variables and dependent variables

Explanation:

It is possible for a weak association to be statistically significant; it is also possible for a strong association to not be statistically significant.

A statistically significant result may have a weak effect. To gauge the research significance of their result, researchers should always report an effect size along with p-values. An effect size measure quantifies the strength of an effect, such as the distance between two means in units of standard deviation, the correlation coefficient between two variables or its square, and other measures.