Answer:
The second line i.e "managers substitute less risky assets for riskier ones to the detriment of bondholders" is the correct answer to the given question .
Step-by-step explanation:
The asset substitution issue is when the management of a business organization knowingly misleads the another one by exchanging the superior quality assets with the inferior quality assets after a quality review has already been carried out.
- The challenge of asset substitution illustrates contradictions between the stockholders and creditors.
- The asset substitution supervisors replace less volatile assets with higher risk ones at the expense of bondholders.
- All the other options are not related to the asset substitution that's why they are incorrect option .