Answer: Reduced Fertility
• Improved education of women, more women working, delays in starting families
• Children are an economic liability in MDCs, too expensive to have several, societal norms
(1–2 children)
• Birth control: cost, availability, accessibility, acceptance, quality
• More urban societies: less need for children to work on farms
• Government and private pensions reduce
Increased Life Expectancy
• Improved health care (e.g., medicine, facilities, research/knowledge, personnel,
technologies, accessibility)
• Improved lifestyle (e.g., knowledge of health risks, improved diets, technology, nutrition and
exercise)
• Improved food security/availability
• Less conflict (e.g., less crime, fewer wars)
• Improved work conditions (e.g., less physically demanding labor, better safety standards)
• Improved public health (e.g., sanitation, water supply, housing, standard of living)
• Improved financial security for elderly (e.g., pensions, care facilities)
• Improved safety standards (e.g., sports, transportation, building codes
Step-by-step explanation: