Question

A research article reports the results of a new drug test. The drug is to be used to decrease vision loss in people with Macular Degeneration. The article gives a p-value of .04 in the analysis section. Indicate if the following interpretation of this p-value is valid or invalid.

Statement (N = 1617) Valid Invalid
The probability of getting results as extreme or more extreme than the ones in this study if the drug is actually not effective. 57.7 42.3

Answer 1

The interpretation of the p-value presented in the statement is invalid.

Step-by-step explanation:

The interpretation of a p-value is invalid, based on the given statement. The student says that the probability of getting results as extreme or more extreme than the ones observed in the study is 57.7%, assuming the drug is not effective. However, the correct interpretation of a p-value is the probability of getting results as extreme or more extreme than the ones observed, given that the null hypothesis (effectiveness of the drug) is true. Therefore, the correct interpretation would be that there is a 4% chance of obtaining the observed results or more extreme ones, if the drug is not effective.

Answer 2

Answer: Valid

Step-by-step explanation:

The p-value refers to the probability of obtaining a more extreme value than the value observed in the test when the null hypothesis is true.

The null hypothesis is that the drug is not effective.

when vision loss decreases it shows that there is less effectiveness on the drug (Alternative hypothesis)

For these reasons the correct option is valid