The correct answer is false.
It is false that very few societies base access to social rewards and resources on race or ethnicity.
In society, race and ethnicity play a very important role to be accepted. In many places of the world, a minority of rich people establish dominance over the majority of people that are poor or belong to lower social classes. Let's remember that ethnicity refers to the cultural characteristics that are relevant and distinguish one group over the others. The race also plays a definitive role. Minorities such as blacks, Native American Indians, or Immigrants have suffered to claim their rights over the years.