Question

Ritchie Manufacturing Company makes a product that it sells for $200 per unit. The company incurs variable manufacturing costs of $110 per unit. Variable selling expenses are $20 per unit, annual fixed manufacturing costs are $466,000, and fixed selling and administrative costs are $269,000 per year.

Required:
Determine the break-even point in units and dollars using each of the following approaches:
a. Use the equation method.
b. Use the contribution margin per unit approach.
c. Use the contribution margin ratio approach.
d. Prepare a contribution margin income statement for the break-even sales volume.

Answer 1

Break even units = 10,500

Break even amount = $2,100,000

Explanation :

As per the data given in the question,

a) Break even units = Fixed expense ÷ CM per unit b ÷ (a - c)

= ($466,000 + $269,000) ÷ ($200 - $110 - $20)

= 10,500 units

b) Break even amount = b ÷ (a ÷ c)

= ($466,000 + $269,000) ÷ ($70 ÷ $200)

= $2,100,000

Contribution margin ratio = Contribution margin ÷ Selling price per unit × 100

where,

Contribution margin = Selling price per unit - variable expenses per unit

c) CM per unit Break even units = Fixed expense ÷ Cm per unit

= $735,000 ÷ $70

= 10,500 units

Break even dollars = Fixed expense ÷ Contribution margin ratio

= $735,000 ÷ 0.35

= $2,100,000

d) Contribution margin income statement:

Sales = 10,500 × $200 = $2,100,000

Less Variable expenses 10,500 × ($110+$20) = $1,365,000

Contribution margin $735,000

Less Fixed Expense $735,000

Net Operating Income = $0