Answer:
There are 5 species that can infect humans, Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), vivax, ovale, malariae and, recently, it has been discovered that Plasmodium knowlesi, originating from primates, can also infect humans, especially in the area of Malaysia and Borneo. Transmission is through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito. The most frequent and severe form of the disease is due to P. falciparum, which can lead to cerebral malaria and other complications. The other species are milder. P. vivax and P. ovale, can cause latent forms in the liver, hypnozoites, responsible for recurrences after leaving the endemic area. In the case of P. malariae, it can cause febrile episodes many years later and be associated with a nephrotic syndrome.
Step-by-step explanation:
It should be borne in mind that people who come from hyperendemic areas have developed semiimmunity after repeated exposures to Plasmodium and can remain asymptomatic even with positive parasitaemia. Therefore, it is important to carry out a specific study to detect this pathology when evaluating a child from an endemic area for the first time.