Final answer:
To estimate how many out of 400 seventh graders prefer pepperoni based on the sample, a proportion is used, resulting in approximately 260 students preferring pepperoni pizza.
Step-by-step explanation:
Ms. Knight wants to throw a pizza party for the seventh graders, and in a random sample, 13 out of 20 seventh graders preferred pepperoni pizza. To estimate how many out of 400 seventh graders would prefer pepperoni, we use a proportion. The proportion of students who prefer pepperoni in the sample is 13/20. To find the number who would prefer pepperoni out of 400, we set up a cross-multiplication:
Solving this equation for x (the number of 7th graders who prefer pepperoni out of 400) gives us:
- 20x = 13 * 400
- 20x = 5200
- x = 5200 / 20
- x = 260
So, approximately 260 seventh graders would prefer pepperoni pizza out of 400 based on the sample data.