Question

Explain the connections between each line of evidence and the claim of common ancestry and biological evolution.

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Homologous structures provide evidence for common ancestry, while analogous structures show that similar selective pressures can produce similar adaptations (beneficial features). Similarities and differences among biological molecules (e.g., in the DNA sequence of genes) can be used to determine species' relatedness.

variety of homology is used as evidence to support common ancestry and biological evidence. These lines of evidence include embryological, anatomical, and molecular (DNA and amino acid sequence) homologies. Embryological development can be observed by studying similarities in the formation of embryos.

Therefore, vestigial structures can be considered evidence for evolution, the process by which beneficial heritable traits arise in populations over an extended period of time. The existence of vestigial traits can be attributed to changes in the environment and behavior patterns of the organism in question.

Answer 2

Biologists use comparisons of form and function to classify life-forms into a hierarchy of groups.

Organisms group in the Eukarya domain are Plantae, Fungi, Animalia. The three kingdoms are distinguished by their modes of nutrition. Plants produce their own sugars and other food molecules by photosynthesis; fungi absorb dissolved nutrients; and animals obtain food by eating other organisms.

There is unity in diversity. Similarities between organisms are evident at all levels of hierarchy.

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