Answer:
the policies of Mikhail Gorbachev
the failures of communist economic systems
Step-by-step explanation:
Gorbachev's decision to allow elections with a multi-party system and create a presidency for the Soviet Union began a slow process of democratization that eventually destabilized Communist control and contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Three broad explanations for such failure were given: socialism failed to transform the nature of human incentives and competition; political government processes corrupted and ruined command decisions; and economic calculation was proven to be impossible in a socialist state