Final answer:
If Earth had its current size but only one-third its mass, a person's weight would decrease by a factor of three due to the reduced gravitational pull.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question inquires about the change in a person's weight if the Earth had its present size but only one-third its present mass. Weight on a celestial body is determined by the gravitational pull that the body exerts on objects. The gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of the body. Hence, if the Earth had only one-third of its present mass while retaining its current size, the gravitational pull would be one-third as strong. Therefore, a person's weight would decrease by a factor of three; a person would weigh three times less than their current weight on Earth. This concept is central to understanding gravitational forces in physics.