Answer:The 5 responses to strain, according to Merton are conformity, innovation, rebellion, retreatism, and ritualism.
1)Conformity refers to those individuals who follows culturally defined values of how someone need to go about achieving their goals legitimately.
2) Innovation refers to those individuals who are innovative in terms of how they achieve the culturally valued goals using non social approved ways such as using criminal ways to get rich.
3)Rebellion refers to individuals who rebel against culturally approved goals and the defined ways of achieving them.
4)Retreatism refers to those who actual retreat against those goals which are set by society and they just reject and refuse to live up to those goals.
5)Ritualism refers to those people who are realistic in how they pursue their goals without focusing on the pressure provided by the society.
Explanation:For disadvantaged youth, which response do you think is most common?
For disadvantaged youth, I believe the most commonly chosen response is innovation. Individuals from poor background values the same things that society values but they find it hard or believe it is hard to achieve those using proper institutionalized ways. They invent their own ways to achieve the desired goals such as getting into criminal activities.
Which do you think would be most damaging?
- Innovation is ofcourse most damaging because these innovative ways are usually dangerous and damaging to the individuals involved such that it ruins them as people and their families. They end up in jails if not on the streets.
How do you encourage such youth to respond with conformity?
-Inventing a system that promotes equality and eliminates inequality within our society. Creating programs that help keeps young people busy at all times and encouraging their skills to flourish through these programs.
Have support programs for young people who can't afford certain level of education and have talent promoting jobs which doesn't require that someone have a certain level of education. Promote individuals self sufficient , encourage them to create their own means of living through proper supports.
Three components of constitutive criminology provided by Henry and Milovanovic
1)Human agents and behavior
According to this perspective people are capable of creating their own social environment but also the environment plays a huge role on Shona person becomes. For these aspects to get better, transform and improve the surrounding environment plays a huge role
2)Justice practices
According to this perspective treating everyone the same without taking powers from those who are already not privileged will see society working together effectively. If we don't dehumanise and dominate over certain groups of disadvantaged individuals then we can be able to transform society for the better.
3) Knowledge
Having knowledge can be powerful tool to overcome individuals who doesn't have certain values and those who don't share a common point of view on things.