Final answer:
Ford's key innovations were the use of vanadium steel alloy for the Model T and the implementation of mass production techniques using an assembly line.
Step-by-step explanation:
One of the key innovations by Ford was the use of vanadium steel alloy in the manufacturing of the Model T. This steel alloy was much stronger than normal steel, making the Model T durable and reliable.
Another major innovation by Ford was the implementation of mass production techniques using an assembly line. This allowed for efficient production, lower costs, and a significant reduction in the price of the Model T, making it more affordable for the average American.