Answer:
b. primary succession after a volcanic eruption
Step-by-step explanation:
The image (see the attached image), represents primary succession after a volcanic eruption.
Succession general refers to the process of gradual change in the species composition of a community over a long period of time. There two types of succession:
- Primary succession: This represents a change that occur on a new site that has not held any previous community before. New species that colonize such sites are referred to as pioneer species.
- Secondary succession: A kind of changes that occur after a community has undergone a disturbance regime.
Both primary and secondary succession eventually lead to a relatively stable community (climax community) in the long run if there are no incidence of disturbance.
The image represents a site that has just witnessed a volcanic eruption. the newly formed site has no history of any community of organisms before. Species of organisms found growing on this site are the pioneer species. Hence, this kind of succession is primary.
The correct option is b.