Question

A recent study showed that women who lived near a freeway had an unusually high rate of rheumatoid arthritis. Sarah said, "They should move away from freeways." Select the correct fallacy in Sarah's reasoning?

Answer 1

Explanation:

Sarah is falling for Pitfalls 5 and 6.

A statistical association does not mean causation. there must be proof to support the cause and effect and even if there were proof to support the cause and effect, extending the result about groups to an individual is not proper

Answer 2

Explanation:

Full question

A recent study showed that women who lived near a freeway had an unusually high rate of rheumatoid arthritis. Sarah said, “They should move away from freeways.”

Select the correct fallacy in Sarah’s reasoning? (You may select more than one answer)

Pitfall 1: Conclusions from Small Samples unchecked

Pitfall 3: Conclusions from Rare Events checked

Pitfall 4: Poor Survey Methods checked

Pitfall 5: Assuming a Causal Link checked

Pitfall 6: Generalization to Individuals

Sarah is falling for Pitfalls 5 and 6. Just because a statistics can be associated with a trend does not mean causation. There must be concrete evidence to support cause snd effect and even if there were evidence to support cause and effect, extending the result about groups to an individual is not appropriate. You cannot just generslize an outvome without some form of evidence