Question

The Hawthorne studies began as the type of experiment recommended by Scientific Management. Researchers were trying to find the optimal working conditions. But the outcomes defied explanation in the frame of scientific management. ________ changed the frame and focused on social dynamics.

Answer 1

Elton Mayo

Step-by-step explanation:

The Hawthorne studies were conducted on workers at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger in the 1920s. The Hawthorne studies were part of a refocus on managerial strategy incorporating the socio-psychological aspects of human behavior in organizations.

At the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric, he discovered that job satisfaction increased through employee participation in decisions rather than through short-term incentives. He discovered work was a social atmosphere and the behavior and interaction of employees, managers, and/or observers affected productivity. Mayo also discovered that the physical conditions, such as lighting and humidity did not affect productivity as much as the recognition and attention they received.

Answer 2

George Elton Mayo

Step-by-step explanation:

Based on the scenario being described within the question it can be said that the individual being mentioned is George Elton Mayo. Mayo was an Australian Psychologist who was born on December 26, 1880. Mayo greatly contributed to the creation of the management theory which helped establish modern human relations management methods as well as creating the frame and focus on social dynamics.