Question

An individual with an uncertain vaccine history has been brought to the emergency room after receiving severe lacerations in an accident with farm machinery. In addition to administering a tetanus toxoid vaccine, he is given a shot of tetanus immune globulin (TIG), a form of passive immunization. Why are both necessary?

A) The tetanus vaccine provides immediate protection, and the tetanus immune globulin provides long-term protection.B) The doctor is not sure which will work faster in this patient so decides to administer both.C) The tetanus immune globulin is given only when there are severe injuries and a high risk of infection.D) Tetanus immune globulin is always given along with the tetanus vaccine.E) The tetanus immune globulin provides immediate, short-term protection, and the tetanus vaccine provides long-term protection.

Answer 1

Both tetanus immune globulin and the tetanus vaccine are necessary for an individual with an uncertain vaccine history and severe lacerations: TIG provides immediate protection, and the vaccine ensures long-term immunity.

Step-by-step explanation:

An individual with an uncertain vaccine history who sustains severe lacerations is administered both a tetanus toxoid vaccine and tetanus immune globulin (TIG) as a form of passive immunization. The reason for this dual approach is that the tetanus immune globulin provides immediate, short-term protection by supplying ready-made antibodies against the tetanus toxin, while the tetanus vaccine stimulates the individual's immune system to develop its own long-term protection through the creation of memory cells. Vaccination typically requires several weeks to initiate a full immune response, which is why passive immunization with TIG is crucial in the immediate aftermath of injury when the risk of tetanus infection is high.

The CDC recommends children receive doses of the DTaP vaccine during childhood and a Td booster every 10 years as part of standard immunization for tetanus. In cases of severe injuries, like with farm machinery, an individual's uncertain vaccine history means they may not be adequately protected and require both immediate and longer-term immunization strategies.

Answer 2

E) The tetanus immune globulin provides immediate, short-term protection, and the tetanus vaccine provides long-term protection.

Step-by-step explanation:

Basically, immunization is very important and necessary to protect the person from diseases.

In the above scenario, individual who is injured with severe lacerations does not have any history of previous tetanus vaccination. Because vaccination is for long term protection but it also take time to produce antibodies in an individual. Individual is injured and can have risk of tetanus.

So, along with vaccine we will administered the tetanus immune globulin to provide immediate, short term protection against tetanus.