Final answer:
Marcus Garvey's approach focused on Black self-reliance and a separate Black economy, contrasting with Booker T. Washington's gradualism and W.E.B. Du Bois's advocacy for immediate civil rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
Marcus Garvey's approach to race relations in the United States was markedly different from those of W.E.B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington. Garvey promoted self-reliance and the creation of a separate economy and society for African Americans through the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), supporting the notion of Pan-Africanism and pushing a 'Back to Africa' movement. His stance was focused on fostering Black pride and self-determination, rather than seeking integration or conciliation with white society.
In contrast, Booker T. Washington advocated for gradualism and self-help within the context of segregation, emphasizing vocational training and economic progress as a strategy for Black upliftment. Washington believed that by proving their economic value, African Americans could gradually gain more rights and respect from whites. W.E.B. Du Bois, on the other hand, called for immediate and unequivocal civil rights, including equal access to higher education, and he co-founded the NAACP to fight for these rights through legal and public advocacy.
Marcus Garvey's approach was thus more radical in his reject of integration and his position of Black nationalism, which would eventually influence later movements such as Malcolm X and the Black Power movement of the 1960s.