Answer:
a. 40/250
b. 70/250
c. Preferring diet soda and preferring hamburgers are not independent events
d. Preferring regular soda and preferring hot dogs are not independent events
Explanation:
We are given:
Regular Soda Diet Soda Total
Hamburgers 90 40 130
Hot Dogs 70 50 120
Total 160 90 250
a. The probability that someone who prefers diet soda will also prefer hamburgers can be calculated as:
No. of people who prefer hamburgers and diet soda / Total no. of people
40/250
b. The probability that someone who prefers hot dogs will also prefer regular soda can be calculated as:
No. of people who prefer hot dogs and regular soda/Total no. of people
70/250
c. For two events to be independent, they must fulfill the condition:
P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B)
P(Diet Soda) = No. of people who prefer diet soda/total no. of people
= 90/250
P(Hamburgers) = No. of people who prefer hamburgers/total no. of people
= 130/250
P(Diet Soda and Hamburgers) = 40/250
Now, we need to check:
P(Diet Soda and Hamburgers) = P(Diet Soda) * P(Hamburgers)
40/250 = 90/250 * 130/250
40/250 ≠ 11700/62500
So, we can conclude that these two events are not independent events.
d. P(Regular Soda) = No. of people who prefer regular soda/total no. of people
= 160/250
P(Hot dogs) = No. of people who prefer hot dogs/total no. of people
= 120/250
P(Regular Soda and Hot Dogs) = 70/250
Now, we need to check if:
P(Regular Soda and Hot Dogs) = P(Regular Soda) * P(Hot dogs)
70/250 ≠ 160/250 * 120/250
So, these two events are not independent.