Question

Show that if the contribution to profit for trains is between $1.50 and $3, the current basis remains optimal. If the contribution to profit for trains is $2.50, then what would be the new optimal solution?

Answer 1

If the contribution to profit for trains is between $1.50 and $3, the current basis remains optimal. If it is $2.50, a new optimal solution should be pursued.

Step-by-step explanation:

To show that if the contribution to profit for trains is between $1.50 and $3, the current basis remains optimal, we need to understand the concept of optimal solution and contribution to profit. In this case, an optimal solution means that the current arrangement or allocation is the most effective or efficient. The contribution to profit for trains refers to the amount of profit generated by the trains. If the contribution to profit is between $1.50 and $3, it means that the trains are generating a satisfactory level of profit, but not too high or too low. Hence, the current basis remains optimal.

However, if the contribution to profit for trains is $2.50, it suggests that the trains are generating a higher level of profit compared to the range mentioned earlier. In this case, the new optimal solution would involve optimizing the allocation of resources towards trains to maximize the profit generated at the $2.50 contribution level. This could involve increasing the number of trains, improving efficiency, or identifying additional revenue streams related to trains.

Answer 2

210

Step-by-step explanation:

Let us consider that x is the number of soldiers produced each week and y is number of trains produced each week.

Also, weekly revenues and costs can be expressed in terms of the decision variables x and y.

Then,

Hence the profit which we want to maximize is given by,

Now the constraints are given as,

Finishing Constraint:

Each week, no more than 100 hours of finishing time may be used.

Carpentry Constraint:

Each week, no more than 80 hours of carpentry time may be used.

Demand Constraint:

Because of limited demand, at most 40 soldiers should be produced each week.

Combining the sign restrictions and with the objective function and constraints,and yield the following optimization model:

Such that,

First convert the given inequalities into equalities:

From equation (1):

If x=0 in equation (1) then (0,100)

If y=0 in equation (1) then (50,0)

From equation (2):

If x=0 in equation (2) then (0,80)

If y=0 in equation (2) then (80,0)

From equation (3):

Equation (3) is the line passing through the point x=40.

Therefore, the given LPP has a feasible solution first image

The optimum solution for the given LPP is obtained as follows in the second image

The optimal solution to this problem is,

And the optimum values are .

Let c be the contribution to profit by each train. We need to find the values of c for which the current, basis remain optimal. Currently c is 2, and each iso-profit line has the form

3x + 2y = constant

y = 3x/2 +constant/ 2

And so, each iso-profit line has a slope of .

From the graph we can see that if a change in c causes the isoprofit lines to be flatter than the carpentry constraint, then the optimal solution will change from the current optimal solution to a new optimal solution, If the profit for each train is c, the slope of each isoprofit line will be.

-3/c

Because the slope of the carpentry constraint is –1, the isoprofit lines will be flatter than the carpentry constraint.

If,

-3/c<-1

c >3

and the current basis will no longer be optimal. The new optimal solution will be point A of the graph.

If the is oprofit lines are steeper than the finishing constraint, then the optimal solution will change from point B to point C. The slope of the finishing constraint is –2.

If,

-3/c < -2 or

C < 1.5

Then the current basis is no longer optimal and point C,(40,20), will be optimal. Hence when the contribution to the profit for trains is between $1.50 and $3, the current basis remains optimal.

Again, consider the contribution to the profit for trains is $2.50, then the decision variables remain the same since the contribution to the profit for trains is between $1.50 and $3. And the optimal solution is given by,

z = 3× (20) + 2.5 × (60)

= 60 + 150

= 210