Answer:
c. r = 3 + 2 cos(theta)
Explanation:
At θ = 180°, the value of r is positive, but just a fraction of the value at θ = 0°. This eliminates choices 'b' and 'd'.
Choice 'a' would give r=3 and r=5 for those two cases, but the ratio of left extent to right extent looks smaller than 3/5. A graph of choice 'c' shows it matches the given figure.