Answer:
e. An increase in preload and an increase in stroke volume
Step-by-step explanation:
Venous constriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels found in the human body as a result of the contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels. This contraction happens mostly in the large arteries and small arterioles leading to the flow of blood being restricted.
Some of the things that causes venous constrictions ( also known as Vasoconstrictors) include stimulants, amphetamines, antihistamines etc.